期刊
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
卷 19, 期 11, 页码 1736-1745出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adfm.200801107
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资金
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) [02/1N.1/1172]
- EU Network of Excellence PhOREMOST [FP6/ 2003/IST/2-511616]
- University of Chile
- FONDECYT [1050344, 1030102, 7050081, 1050788, 1090683]
- Rede Nacional de Pequisa em Nanotubos de Carbono, CNPq, Brazil [ACT027]
- ICREA Funding Source: Custom
The relationship between the nanoscale structure of vanadium pentoxide nanotubes and their ability to accommodate Li+ during intercalation/ deintercalation is explored. The nanotubes are synthesized using two different precursors through a surfactant-assisted templating method, resulting in standalone VOx (vanadium oxide) nanotubes and also nano-urchin. Under highly reducing conditions, where the interlaminar uptake of primary alkylamines is maximized, standalone nanotubes exhibit near-perfect scrolled layers and long-range structural order even at the molecular level. Under less reducing conditions, the degree of amine uptake is reduced due to a lower density of V4+ sites and less V2O5 is functionalized with adsorbed alkylammonium cations. This is typical of the nano-urchin structure. High-resolution TEM studies revealed the unique observation of nanometer-scale nanocrystals of pristine unreacted V2O5 throughout the length of the nanotubes in the nano-urchin. Electrochemical intercalation studies revealed that the very well ordered xerogel-based nanotubes exhibit similar specific capacities (235 mA h g(-1)) to Na+-exchange nanorolls of VOx (200 mA h g(-1)). By comparison, the theoretical maximum value is reported to be 240 mA h g(-1). The VOTPP-based nanotubes of the nano-urchin 3D assemblies, however, exhibit useful charge capacities exceeding 437 mA h g(-1), which is a considerable advance for VOx based nanomaterials and one of the highest known capacities for Li+ intercalated laminar vanadates.
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