期刊
ACTA TROPICA
卷 121, 期 3, 页码 281-291出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.10.001
关键词
Malaria; Ecology; Vector biology; Diagnostics
资金
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), United States of America [U19 AI089681]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Brazil
Across the Americas and the Caribbean, nearly 561,000 slide-confirmed malaria infections were reported officially in 2008. The nine Amazonian countries accounted for 89% of these infections; Brazil and Peru alone contributed 56% and 7% of them, respectively. Local populations of the relatively neglected parasite Plasmodium vivax, which currently accounts for 77% of the regional malaria burden, are extremely diverse genetically and geographically structured. At a time when malaria elimination is placed on the public health agenda of several endemic countries, it remains unclear why malaria proved so difficult to control in areas of relatively low levels of transmission such as the Amazon Basin. We hypothesize that asymptomatic parasite carriage and massive environmental changes that affect vector abundance and behavior are major contributors to malaria transmission in epidemiologically diverse areas across the Amazon Basin. Here we review available data supporting this hypothesis and discuss their implications for current and future malaria intervention policies in the region. Given that locally generated scientific evidence is urgently required to support malaria control interventions in Amazonia, we briefly describe the aims of our current field-oriented malaria research in rural villages and gold-mining enclaves in Peru and a recently opened agricultural settlement in Brazil. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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