期刊
PSYCHOLOGY AND AGING
卷 25, 期 3, 页码 606-619出版社
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/a0019502
关键词
cognitive change; dementia; mild cognitive impairment; normal cognition; aging
资金
- NIA NIH HHS [P30 AG010129-18, R01 AG021028, R01 AG010220-12, AG021028, AG10220, P30 AG010129-129001, P30 AG010129, R01 AG010220, AG10129, R01 AG021028-05, P30 AG010129-19] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS017950] Funding Source: Medline
This study examined trajectories of cognitive change in psychometrically matched measures of episodic memory, semantic memory, and executive function in an ethnically, demographically, and cognitively diverse sample of older persons. Individual rates of change showed considerable heterogeneity in each domain. Baseline clinical diagnosis predicted differential change in semantic memory and executive function, dementia > mild cognitive impairment (MCI) > normal, but average decline in verbal episodic memory was similar across all 3 diagnostic groups. There was substantial overlap of distributions of cognitive change across baseline diagnostic groups for all 3 measures. Cognitive change was strongly related to change in clinical diagnosis. Rapid and similar change was present for all 3 cognitive measures in patients with dementia and in those with normal cognition and those with MCI who progressed clinically. In cognitively normal patients, verbal episodic memory change was greater than change in the other two domains. Global status, measured by the Clinical Dementia Rating scale (Morris, 1993), predicted change in semantic memory and executive function, whereas APOE genotype predicted change in verbal episodic memory, and age had no effect on rates of change in any domain independent of global status and APOE. Results show important limitations in using cross-sectional diagnosis to predict prognosis and suggest that research to identify robust predictors of cognitive change across the full spectrum from normal to dementia is needed for better early identification of diseases that cause progressive decline.
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