Reciprocal changes in renal ACE/ANG II and ACE2/ANG 1-7 are associated with enhanced collecting duct renin in Goldblatt hypertensive rats

Prieto MC, Gonzalez-Villalobos RA, Botros FT, Martin VL, Pagan J, Satou R, Lara LS, Feng Y, Fernandes FB, Kobori H, Casarini DE, Navar LG. Reciprocal changes in renal ACE/ANG II and ACE2/ANG 1-7 are associated with enhanced collecting duct renin in Goldblatt hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 300: F749-F755, 2011. First published January 5, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00383.2009.-Alterations in the balance between ANG II/ACE and ANG 1-7/ACE2 in ANG II-dependent hypertension could reduce the generation of ANG 1-7 and contribute further to increased intrarenal ANG II. Upregulation of collecting duct (CD) renin may lead to increased ANG II formation during ANG II-dependent hypertension, thus contributing to this imbalance. We measured ANG I, ANG II, and ANG 1-7 contents, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2 gene expression, and renin activity in the renal cortex and medulla in the clipped kidneys (CK) and nonclipped kidneys (NCK) of 2K1C rats. After 3 wk of unilateral renal clipping, systolic blood pressure and plasma renin activity increased in 2K1C rats (n = 11) compared with sham rats (n = 9). Renal medullary angiotensin peptide levels were increased in 2K1C rats [ ANG I: (CK = 171 +/- 4; NCK = 251 +/- 8 vs. sham = 55 +/- 3 pg/g protein; P < 0.05); ANG II: (CK = 558 +/- 79; NCK = 328 +/- 18 vs. sham = 94 +/- 7 pg/g protein; P < 0.001)]; and ANG 1-7 levels decreased (CK = 18 +/- 2; NCK = 19 +/- 2 pg/g vs. sham = 63 +/- 10 pg/g; P < 0.001). In renal medullas of both kidneys of 2K1C rats, ACE mRNA levels and activity increased but ACE2 decreased. In further studies, we compared renal ACE and ACE2 mRNA levels and their activities from chronic ANG II-infused (n = 6) and sham-operated rats (n = 5). Although the ACE mRNA levels did not differ between ANG II rats and sham rats, the ANG II rats exhibited greater ACE activity and reduced ACE2 mRNA levels and activity. Renal medullary renin activity was similar in the CK and NCK of 2K1C rats but higher compared with sham. Thus, the differential regulation of ACE and ACE2 along with the upregulation of CD renin in both the CK and NCK in 2K1C hypertensive rats indicates that they are independent of perfusion pressure and contribute to the altered content of intrarenal ANG II and ANG 1-7.