期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REVIEW
卷 31, 期 3, 页码 226-233出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2010.11.001
关键词
Transport policy; Cost-benefit analysis; Cost-effectiveness analysis; Multi-criteria decision analysis
The objective of this paper is to examine and compare the use of a number of policy evaluation tools, which can be used to measure the impact of transport policies and programmes as part of a strategic environmental assessment (SEA) or sustainability appraisal. The evaluation tools that were examined include cost-benefit analysis (CBA), cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). It was concluded that both CEA and CBA are useful for estimating the costs and/or benefits associated with transport policies but are constrained by the difficulty in quantifying non-market impacts and monetising total costs and benefits. Furthermore. CEA is limited to identifying the most 'cost-effective policy' for achieving a single, narrowly defined objective, usually greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction and is, therefore, not suitable for evaluating policy options with ancillary costs or a variety of potential benefits. Thus, CBA or CEA evaluation should be complemented by a complete environmental and socio-economic impact assessment approach such as MCDA This method allows for participatory analysis and qualitative assessment but is subject to caveats such as subjectivity and value-laden judgments. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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