期刊
ACS NANO
卷 7, 期 4, 页码 3685-3697出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn400705u
关键词
bacterial phi; adhesion; nanomechanics; probiotics; AFM; force spectroscopy; single-molecule manipulation
类别
资金
- National Foundation for Scientific Research (FNRS)
- Foundation for Training in Industrial and Agricultural Research (FRIA)
- Universite catholique de Louvain (Fonds Speciaux de Recherche)
- Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs (Interuniversity Poles of Attraction Programme)
- Research Department of the Communaute francaise de Belgique (Concerted Research Action)
- Erasmus Mundus External Cooperation Window Lot 13
- BOF-Programme
- Academy of Finland [118165, 141140]
- Academy of Finland (AKA) [118165, 118165] Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)
Knowledge of the mechanisms by which bacterial pill adhere to host cells and withstand external forces is critical to our understanding of their functional roles and offers exciting avenues in biomedicine for controlling the adhesion of bacterial pathogens and probiotics. While much progress has been made in the nanoscale characterization of pili from Gram-negative bacteria, the adhesive and mechanical properties of Gram-positive bacterial pili remain largely unknown. Here, we use single-molecule atomic force microscopy to unravel the binding mechanism of phi from the probiotic Gram-positive bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG). First, we show that SpaC, the key adhesion protein of the LGG pilus, is a multifunctional adhesin with broad specificity. SpaC forms homophilic trans-interactions engaged in bacterial aggregation and specifically binds mucin and collagen, two major extracellular components of host epithelial layers. Homophilic and heterophilic interactions display similar binding strengths and dissociation rates. Next, pulling experiments on living bacteria demonstrate that LGG pill exhibit two unique mechanical responses, that is, zipper-like adhesion involving multiple SpaC molecules distributed along the pilus length and nanospring properties enabling pill to resist high force. These mechanical properties may represent a generic mechanism among Gram-positive bacterial pill for strengthening adhesion and withstanding shear stresses in the natural environment. The single-molecule experiments presented here may help us to design molecules capable of promoting or inhibiting bacterial-host interactions.
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