期刊
ACS NANO
卷 7, 期 4, 页码 3427-3433出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn400330h
关键词
lithium-ion battery; fracture; anisotropic lithiation strain; in situ transmission electron microscopy
类别
资金
- NSF [CMMI-1100205, 1201058]
- Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL)
- Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES), an Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC)
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DESC0001160]
- U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn [1201058, 1100205] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn [GRANTS:13884960] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Mechanical degradation of the electrode materials during electrochemical cycling remains a serious issue that critically limits the capacity retention and cyclability of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Here we report the highly reversible expansion and contraction of germanium nanoparticles under lithiation-delithiation cycling with in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). During multiple cycles to the full capacity, the germanium nanoparticles remained robust without any visible cracking despite similar to 260% volume changes, in contrast to the size-dependent fracture of silicon nanoparticles upon the first lithiation. The comparative in situ TEM study of fragile silicon nanoparticles suggests that the tough behavior of germanium nanoparticles can be attributed to the weak anisotropy of the lithiation strain at the reaction front. The tough germanium nanoparticles offer substantial potential for the development of durable, high-capacity, and high-rate anodes for advanced lithium-ion batteries.
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