期刊
ACS NANO
卷 6, 期 9, 页码 8432-8438出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn303309z
关键词
micro/nanomotor; water; propulsion; Janus particles; aluminum-gallium alloy; hydrogen generation
类别
资金
- National Science Foundation [CBET 0853375]
- United States Department of Energy [DE-SC0004937]
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0004937] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
We demonstrate the first example of a water-driven bubble-propelled micromotor that eliminates the requirement for the common hydrogen peroxide fuel. The new water-driven Janus micromotor is composed of a partially coated Al-Ga binary alloy microsphere prepared via microcontact mixing of aluminum microparticles and liquid gallium. The ejection of hydrogen bubbles from the exposed Al-Ga alloy hemisphere side, upon its contact with water, provides a powerful directional propulsion thrust. Such spontaneous generation of hydrogen bubbles reflects the rapid reaction between the aluminum alloy and water. The resulting water-driven spherical motors can move at remarkable speeds of 3 mm s(-1) (i.e., 150 body length s(-1)), while exerting large forces exceeding 500 pN. Factors influencing the efficiency of the aluminum-water reaction and the resulting propulsion behavior and motor lifetime, including the ionic strength and environmental pH, are investigated. The resulting water-propelled Al-Ga/Ti motors move efficiently in different biological media (e.g., human serum) and hold considerable promise for diverse biomedical or industrial applications.
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