期刊
ACS NANO
卷 4, 期 5, 页码 2595-2606出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn901869f
关键词
nanourchins; gold nanorods; two-photon luminescence imaging (TPL); microglial activation; toll-like receptor; cytokines
类别
资金
- Alzheimer Society of Canada
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada u
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Given the emergence of nanotherapeutics and nanodiagnostics as key tools in today's medicine, it has become of critical importance to define precisely the interactions of nanomaterials with biological systems and to characterize the resulting cellular response. We report here the interactions of microglia and neurons with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) of three morphologies, spheres, rods, and urchins, coated with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or cetyl trimethylammonium bromide ((TAB). Microglia are the resident immune cells of the brain, primarily involved in surveillance, macrophagy, and production of cytokines and trophic factors. Analysis by dark-field microscopy and by two-photon-induced luminescence (TPL) indicates that the exposure of neural cells to GNPs resulted in (i) GNP internalization by both microglial cells and primary hippocampal neurons, as revealed by dark-field microscopy and by two-photon-induced luminescence (TPL), (ii) transient toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2) up-regulation in the olfactory bulb, after intranasal administration in transgenic mice, in vivo, in real time, and (iii) differential up-regulation in vitro of TLR-2 together with interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and nitric oxide (NO) in microglia. The study demonstrates that GNP morphology and surface chemistry strongly influence the microglial activation status and suggests that interactions between GNPs and microglia can be differentially regulated by tuning GNP nanogeometry.
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