期刊
ACS NANO
卷 4, 期 4, 页码 1921-1926出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nn901824n
关键词
exosomes; saliva nanoparticles; nanocharacterization; force spectroscopy; CD63 membrane receptors
类别
资金
- WPI Center for Materials NanoArchitectonics (MANA)
- NIMS, Japan
- National Institutes of Health [RO1 DE017170, UO1-0E016275, R00DE018165]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL &CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH [R01DE017170, R00DE018165, U01DE016275] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
All living systems contain naturally occurring nanoparticles with unique structural, biochemical, and mechanical characteristics. Specifically, human saliva exosomes secreted by normal cells into saliva via exocytosis are novel biomarkers showing tumor-antigen enrichment during oral cancer. Here we show the substructure of single human saliva exosomes, using a new ultrasensitive low force atomic force microscopy (AFM) exhibiting substructural organization unresolvable in electron microscopy. We correlate the data with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and AFM images to interpret the nanoscale structures of exosomes under varying forces. Single exosomes reveal reversible mechanical deformation displaying distinct elastic, 70-100 nm trilobed membrane with substructures carrying specific transmembrane receptors. Further, we imaged and investigated, using force spectroscopy with antiCD63 IgG functionalized AFM tips, highly specific and sensitive detection of antigenCD63, potentially useful cancer markers on individual exosomes. The quantitative nanoscale morphological, biomechanical, and surface biomolecular properties of single saliva exosomes are critical for the applications of exosomes for cancer diagnosis and as a model for developing new cell delivery systems.
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