期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 5, 期 19, 页码 9322-9329出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/am402618w
关键词
nitric oxide; silica nanoparticles; particle size; particle shape; antibacterial; antibiofilm
资金
- National Science Foundation [DMR1104892]
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1104892] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Nitric oxide (NO), a reactive free radical, has proven effective in eradicating bacterial biofilms with reduced risk of fostering antibacterial resistance. Herein, we evaluated the efficacy of NO-releasing silica nanoparticles against Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus biofilms as a function of particle size and shape. Three sizes of NO-releasing silica nanoparticles (i.e., 14, 50, and 150 nm) with identical total NO release (similar to 0.3 mu mol/mg) were utilized to study antibiofilm eradication as a function of size. To observe the role of particle shape on biofilm killing, we varied the aspect ratio of the NO-releasing silica particles from 1 to 8 while maintaining constant particle volume (similar to 0.02 mu m(3)) and NO-release totals (similar to 0.7 mu mol/mg). Nitric oxide-releasing particles with decreased size and increased aspect ratio were more effective against both P. aeruginosa and S. aureus biofilms, with the Gram-negative species exhibiting the greatest susceptibility to NO. To further understand the influence of these nanoparticle properties on NO-mediated antibacterial activity, we visualized intracellular NO concentrations and cell death with confocal microscopy. Smaller NO-releasing particles (14 nm) exhibited better NO delivery and enhanced bacteria killing compared to the larger (50 and 150 nm) particles. Likewise, the rodlike NO-releasing particles proved more effective than spherical particles in delivering NO and inducing greater antibacterial action throughout the biofilm.
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