Dual Magnetobiochemical Logic Control of Electrochemical Processes Based on Local Interfacial pH Changes

An electrode surface modified with a pH-sensitive polymeric brush was reversibly activated by local pH changes produced in situ by glucose oxidase associated with magnetic nanoparticles confined at the surface in the presence of an external magnet. The system mimics Boolean AND logic gate, with the magnetic and chemical input signals stimulating the electrochemical reactions at the switchable interface. Biomedical applications of the smart interface controlled by enzymatic reactions through local pH changes are anticipated in various implantable biomedical devices.