A comprehensive view on the actual trend in pelvic organ prolapse repair

The objective of this paper is to review the more recent literature on pelvic organ prolapse (POP). A detailed Medline search was performed. An understanding of the published literature is important in deciding, which surgical approach has to be used and how to counsel patients during informed consent. In the review, we analyze the various interventions for POP and provides also a survey of the current controversies and areas where knowledge is incomplete and need further evaluation for definitive answers regarding optimization of surgical care for POP. While theoretically appealing, the implantation of synthetic mesh in the pelvis may be associated with inherent adverse consequences, such as erosion, extrusion, and infection that further complicate the decision to use synthetic mesh. In addition, the routine use of these materials may carry potential long-term complications, such as dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain, and vaginal distortion. A final overview on the International Consultation on Incontinence and Cochrane database are reported, as recent warnings by the USA Food and Drug Administration.