期刊
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL
卷 41, 期 1, 页码 21-33出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2018.01.003
关键词
Alzheimer's disease; Tau; Inflammation; Glia; Astrocytes; Microglia
资金
- France Alzheimer/Fondation de France (InsTauBrain project)
- FHU VasCog research network (Lille, France)
- programs d'investissements d'avenir LabEx (excellence laboratory) DISTALZ (Development of Innovative Strategies for a Transdisciplinary approach to ALZheimer's disease)
- ANR (ADORATAU)
- ANR (SPREADTAU)
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale
- LECMA/Alzheimer Forschung Initiative
- Fondation Plan Alzheimer
- Inserm
- CNRS
- Universite Lille 2
- Lille Metropole Communaute Urbaine
- Region Nord/Pas-de-Calais
- FEDER
- DN2M
- FUI MEDIALZ
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder and the most common type of dementia (60-80% of cases). In 2016, nearly 44 million people were affected by AD or related dementia. AD is characterized by progressive neuronal damages leading to subtle and latter obvious decline in cognitive functions including symptoms such as memory loss or confusion, which ultimately require full-time medical care. Its neuropathology is defined by the extracellular accumulation of amyloid-beta (A beta) peptide into amyloid plaques, and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) consisting of aggregated hyper- and abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein. The latter, identified also as Tau pathology, is observed in a broad spectrum of neurological diseases commonly referred to as Tauopathies. Besides these lesions, sustained neuroinflammatory processes occur, involving notably micro- and astro-glial activation, which contribute to disease progression. Recent findings from genome wide association studies further support an instrumental role of neuroinflammation. While the interconnections existing between this innate immune response and the amyloid pathogenesis are widely characterized and described as complex, elaborated and evolving, only few studies focused on Tau pathology. An adaptive immune response takes place conjointly during the disease course, as indicated by the presence of vascular and parenchymal T-cell in AD patients' brain. The underlying mechanisms of this infiltration and its consequences with regards to Tau pathology remain understudied so far. In the present review, we highlight the interplays existing between Tau pathology and the innate/adaptive immune responses.
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