A new electrical energy management approach for ships using mixed energy sources to ensure sustainable port cities

The maritime sector representatives are seeking to improve energy usage habits of ships to ensure sustainability to minimize environmental effects in port cities. This paper presents new electrical energy management strategies for the future ship and port designs regarding developments in the maritime sector. This study focuses on a new electrical energy management approach and algorithm for ships using mixed energy sources such as renewable energies, energy storage, shore-side power connection, and different types of marine fuel by the smart grid features. Five case studies are performed to show the economic and environmental effects of proposed energy management approach to develop the future ship and port designs. The data of bulk carrier ship has been taken into account to determine the ship-side parameters. The data of Brazil, United Kingdom, Turkey, India, and Japan have also been used to define the port-side parameters to obtain reliable results in the simulations. The case studies have been simulated and verified in MATLAB. The results show that the energy management strategies of smart grid infrastructure will provide significant benefits for the interactions of ship and port. This paper aims to present the fundamental principles of the future ship and port designs for sustainable cities.