期刊
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
卷 9, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00670
关键词
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; absent in melanoma 2 inflammasome; IL-1 alpha; IL-18; caspase-4
类别
资金
- Modelli in Vivo di Patologie Umane (MOVIE) P.O.R. F.E.S.R Campania
- FARB (University of Salerno)
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic fibro-proliferative disease characterized by poor prognosis, with a mean survival of similar to 2-3 years after definite diagnosis. The cause of IPF is still unknown but it is a heterogeneous condition in which the aberrant deposition of extracellular matrix leads to extensive lung remodeling. This remodeling is a consequence of inflammatory responses, but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. In this study, we first analyzed a bleomycin-induced mouse model, which showed that higher expression of IL-1 beta, but not IL-18, was correlated to pulmonary cell infiltration and fibrosis. Then, we found that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from IPF patients released IL-1 alpha and IL-18 in a NLRP3- and calpain-independent manner after LPS +/- ATP stimulation. Instead, the activation of the absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome induced the release of IL-1 alpha in a caspase-1-/caspase-8-independent manner; whereas IL-18 release was caspase-1 dependent. These effects correlated with the release of the pro-fibrotic TGF-beta, which was induced by AIM2 activation in a caspase-1- and TLR4-independent manner, but dependent on IL-1 alpha. In this context, the activation of AIM2 induced the release of caspase-4 from IPF-derived PBMCs, which correlated with the mRNA levels of this caspase that was higher in IPF than in healthy PBMCs. In conclusion, our findings identify a novel molecular mechanism whereby the activation of AIM2 could lead to the activation of the non-canonical inflammasome (caspase-4 dependent) that induces the release of IL-1 alpha responsible for the release of TGF-beta from PBMCs of IPF patients.
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