期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
卷 9, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.064009
关键词
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资金
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20170687]
- Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [61627801]
- Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China [3204007201]
- Penn State Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC), Center for Nanoscale Science, under NSF Grant [DMR-1420620]
- Penn State University John L. and Genevieve H. McCain endowed chair professorship
Structured electromagnetic waves carrying nonvanishing orbital angular momentum (OAM) have recently opened up alternative frontiers in the field of wave physics, holding great promise for a wide range of potential applications. By leveraging geometric phases originating from spin-to-orbital interactions, spin-dependent wave phenomena can be created, leading to a more versatile realm of dispersionless wave-front manipulation. However, the currently available transmissive vortex-beam generators suffer from a narrow bandwidth, require an optically thick device profile, or are limited by a low efficiency, severely restricting their integration into systems and/or widespread usage for practical applications. We present the design methodology and a physical analysis and complete experimental characterization of a class of millimeter-wave Pancharatnam-Berry transmit-arrays with a thickness of about. lambda(0)/3, which enables highly efficient generation and separation of spin-controlled vortex beams over a broad bandwidth, achieving an unprecedented peak efficiency of 88% for a single vortex beam and 71% for dual vortex beams. The proposed transmit-array, which is capable of providing two-dimensional OAM multiplexing and demultiplexing without normal-mode background interference, overcomes all previous roadblocks and paves the way for high-efficiency electromagnetic vortex-beam generation as well as other wave-front-shaping devices from microwave frequencies to optical wavelengths.
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