期刊
GENES
卷 9, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/genes9040220
关键词
bottleneck; expansion; mitogenome; endemic; historical DNA; genetic diversity
资金
- Genetic Rescue Foundation
- Kakapo Recovery Programme
- Ngai Tahu
- Department of Conservation
- Otago University
- Duke University
- New Zealand Genomics Ltd.
- Science for Life Laboratory
- National Genomics Infrastructure
- UPPMAX [b2016263]
- VR [2012-3869]
- Swiss National Science Foundation [P2SKP3_165031]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [P2SKP3_165031] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
Understanding how species respond to population declines is a central question in conservation and evolutionary biology. Population declines are often associated with loss of genetic diversity, inbreeding and accumulation of deleterious mutations, which can lead to a reduction in fitness and subsequently contribute to extinction. Using temporal approaches can help us understand the effects of population declines on genetic diversity in real time. Sequencing pre-decline as well as post-decline mitogenomes representing all the remaining mitochondrial diversity, we estimated the loss of genetic diversity in the critically endangered kakapo (Strigops habroptilus). We detected a signal of population expansion coinciding with the end of the Pleistocene last glacial maximum (LGM). Also, we found some evidence for northern and southern lineages, supporting the hypothesis that the species may have been restricted to isolated northern and southern refugia during the LGM. We observed an important loss of neutral genetic diversity associated with European settlement in New Zealand but we could not exclude a population decline associated with Polynesian settlement in New Zealand. However, we did not find evidence for fixation of deleterious mutations. We argue that despite high pre-decline genetic diversity, a rapid and range-wide decline combined with the lek mating system, and life-history traits of kakapo contributed to a rapid loss of genetic diversity following severe population declines.
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