期刊
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
卷 23, 期 2, 页码 196-204出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0956797611422072
关键词
social cognition; morality; infant development
资金
- NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD021104, HD-021104] Funding Source: Medline
Two experiments examined infants' expectations about how an experimenter should distribute resources and rewards to other individuals. In Experiment 1, 19-month-olds expected an experimenter to divide two items equally, as opposed to unequally, between two individuals. The infants held no particular expectation when the individuals were replaced with inanimate objects, or when the experimenter simply removed covers in front of the individuals to reveal the items (instead of distributing them). In Experiment 2, 21-month-olds expected an experimenter to give a reward to each of two individuals when both had worked to complete an assigned chore, but not when one of the individuals had done all the work while the other played. The infants held this expectation only when the experimenter could determine through visual inspection who had worked and who had not. Together, these results provide converging evidence that infants in the 2nd year of life already possess context-sensitive expectations relevant to fairness.
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