Antiserotonergic Properties of Terguride in Blood Vessels, Platelets, and Valvular Interstitial Cells

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) is involved in heart valve tissue fibrosis, pulmonary arterial fibrosis, and pulmonary hypertension. We aimed at characterizing the antiserotonergic properties of the ergot alkaloid derivative terguride [1,1-diethyl3-(6-methyl-8 alpha-ergolinyl)urea] by using functional receptor assays and valvular interstitial cell culture. Terguride showed no vasoconstrictor effect in porcine coronary arteries (5-HT2A receptor bioassay) and no relaxant effect in porcine pulmonary arteries (5-HT2B receptor bioassay). Terguride behaved as a potent antagonist at 5-HT2A receptors (noncompetitive antagonist parameter pD'(2) 9.43) and 5-HT2B receptors (apparent pA(2) 8.87). Metabolites of terguride (N ''-monodeethylterguride and 6-norterguride) lacked agonism at both sites. N ''-monodeethylterguride and 6-norterguride were surmountable antagonists at 5-HT2A receptors (pA(2) 7.82 and 7.85, respectively) and 5-HT2B receptors (pA2 7.30 and 7.11, respectively). Kinetic studies on the effects of terguride in pulmonary arteries showed that the rate to reach drug-receptor equilibrium for terguride was fast. Washout experiments showed that terguride easily disappeared from the receptor biophase. Pretreatment with terguride inhibited 5-HT-induced amplification of ADP-stimulated human platelet aggregation (IC50 16 nM). In porcine valvular interstitial cells, 5-HT-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, an initiator of cellular proliferation and activity, was blocked by terguride as shown by Western blotting. In these cells, the stimulatory effect of 5-HT on [H-3] proline incorporation (index of extracellular matrix collagen) was blocked by terguride. Because of the inhibition of both 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors, platelet aggregation, and cellular proliferation and activity (ERK1/2 phosphorylation and collagen production) terguride may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of fibrotic disorders.