期刊
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
卷 9, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01461
关键词
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; apple canker; biotic resistance; nutrient status; pathogens; root growth; symbiosis; sustainable agriculture
类别
资金
- NERC open case award [NE/J016985/1]
- Heineken United Kingdom
- National Association of Cider Makers
- Royal Society University Research Fellowship [UF140597]
- Scottish Government through the Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS)
- HEFCE N8AgriFood programme
- ERA-CAPS BBSRC grant [BB/L027925/1]
- BBSRC [BB/L027925/1] Funding Source: UKRI
We assess whether arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) improve growth, nutritional status, phenology, flower and fruit production, and disease resistance in woody perennial crops using apple (Malus pumila) as a study system. In a fully factorial experiment, young trees were grown for 3 years with or without AMF (Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus irregularis), and with industrial standard fertiliser applications or restricted fertiliser (10% of standard). We use two commercial scions (Dabinett and Michelin) and rootstocks (MM111 and MM106). Industrial standard fertiliser applications reduced AMF colonisation and root biomass, potentially increasing drought sensitivity. Mycorrhizal status was influenced by above ground genotypes (scion type) but not rootstocks, indicating strong interactions between above and below ground plant tissue. The AMF inoculation significantly increased resistance to Neonectria ditissima, a globally economically significant fungal pathogen of apple orchards, but did not consistently alter leaf nutrients, growth, phenology or fruit and flower production. This study significantly advances understanding of AMF benefits to woody perennial crops, especially increased disease resistance which we show is not due to improved tree nutrition or drought alleviation. Breeding programmes and standard management practises can limit the potential for these benefits.
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