期刊
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
卷 2018, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
HINDAWI LTD
DOI: 10.1155/2018/2547532
关键词
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资金
- National Major Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Project [2013YQ19046706, 2012YQ0401400901]
- Foundation of China Space Medicine Engineering Advanced Research [2015SY54A0501]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81001655]
- Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center [SMFA15B01]
The present study aimed to determine how the learning and memory gradually change with the prolonged hindlimb unloading (HU) treatment in rats. Different HU durations (7 d, 14 d, 21 d, and 28 d) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were implemented. Cognitive function was assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM) and the shuttle box test. Additionally, parameters about cholinergic activity and oxidative stress were tested. Results showed that longer-than-14 d HU led to the inferior performances in the behavioral tasks. Besides, acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity, malondialdehyde(MDA) level in brain, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentrations of HU rats were significantly increased. Furthermore, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activity in brain were notably attenuated. Most of these effects were more pronounced after longer exposure (21 d and 28 d) to HU, although some indicators had their own characteristics of change. These results indicate that cholinergic dysfunction and oxidative damage were involved in the learning and memory impairments induced by longer-than-14 d HU. Moreover, the negative effects of HU tend to be augmented as the HU duration becomes longer. The results may be helpful to present possible biochemical targets for countermeasures development regarding the memory deficits under extreme environmental conditions.
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