期刊
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
卷 8, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19415-w
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资金
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Tools and Development Resources Fund (BBSRC TDRF) [BB/N021398/1]
- Medical Research Council (MRC) [MR/N029976/1]
- Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) [NE/N007581/1]
- European Commission Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship for Experienced Researchers (H-MSCA-IF)
- BBSRC [BB/M013111/1, BB/N021398/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [MR/N029976/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- NERC [NE/N007581/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/M013111/1, BB/N021398/1] Funding Source: researchfish
Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are utilized extensively for biomedical imaging, sensing, and therapeutic applications, yet the molecular weight of UCNPs has not previously been reported. Herein, we present a theory based upon the crystal structure of UCNPs to estimate the molecular weight of UCNPs: enabling insight into UCNP molecular weight for the first time. We estimate the theoretical molecular weight of various UCNPs reported in the literature, predicting that spherical NaYF4 UCNPs similar to 10 nm in diameter will be similar to 1 MDa (i.e. 10(6) g/mol), whereas UCNPs similar to 45 nm in diameter will be similar to 100 MDa (i.e. 108 g/mol). We also predict that hexagonal crystal phase UCNPs will be of greater molecular weight than cubic crystal phase UCNPs. Additionally we find that a Gaussian UCNP diameter distribution will correspond to a lognormal UCNP molecular weight distribution. Our approach could potentially be generalised to predict the molecular weight of other arbitrary crystalline nanoparticles: as such, we provide stand-alone graphic user interfaces to calculate the molecular weight both UCNPs and arbitrary crystalline nanoparticles. We expect knowledge of UCNP molecular weight to be of wide utility in biomedical applications where reporting UCNP quantity in absolute numbers or molarity will be beneficial for inter-study comparison and repeatability.
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