期刊
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 9, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-02941-6
关键词
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资金
- National Science Foundation of China [11335003, 31670852]
- National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Energy Research Project of China [2015GB113000]
- Peking University's 100-talent plan
- Australian Research Council
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG-FOR1583]
The great potential of nanoporous membranes for water filtration and chemical separation has been challenged by the trade-off between selectivity and permeability. Here we report on nanoporous polymer membranes with an excellent balance between selectivity and permeability of ions. Our membranes are fabricated by irradiating 2-mu m-thick polyethylene terephthalate Lumirror (R) films with GeV heavy ions followed by ultraviolet exposure. These membranes show a high transport rate of K+ ions of up to 14 mol h(-1)m(-2) and a selectivity of alkali metal ions over heavy metal ions of >500. Combining transport experiments and molecular dynamics simulations with a polymeric nanopore model, we demonstrate that the high permeability is attributable to the presence of nanopores with a radius of similar to 0.5 nm and a density of up to 5 x 10(10) cm(-2), and the selectivity is ascribed to the interaction between the partially dehydrated ions and the negatively charged nanopore wall.
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