4.5 Article

Investigation on electrical surface modification of waste to energy ash for possible use as an electrode material in microbial fuel cells

期刊

WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH
卷 36, 期 3, 页码 259-268

出版社

SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/0734242X17751847

关键词

Combustion ash; municipal solid waste; microbial fuel cell; electrochemical treatment; electrode material; sustainable energy; waste to energy

资金

  1. Livolt LLC
  2. CUNY CAT [55418-52 07]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

With the world population expected to reach 8.5 billion by 2030, demand for access to electricity and clean water will grow at unprecedented rates. Municipal solid waste combusted at waste to energy (WtE) facilities decreases waste volume and recovers energy, but yields ash as a byproduct, the beneficial uses of which are actively being investigated. Ash is intrinsically hydrophobic, highly oxidized, and exhibits high melting points and low conductivities. The research presented here explores the potential of ash to be used as an electrode material for a microbial fuel cell (MFC). This application requires increased conductivity and hydrophilicity, and a lowered melting point. Three ash samples were investigated. By applying an electric potential in the range 50-125 V across the ash in the presence of water, several key property changes were observed: lower melting point, a color change within the ash, evidence of changes in surface morphologies of ash particles, and completely wetting water-ash contact angles. We analyzed this system using a variety of analytical techniques including sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensiometry. Ability to make such surface modifications and significant property changes could allow ash to become useful in an application such as an electrode material for a MFC.

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