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Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondrial Contactology: Structure and Signaling Functions

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TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY
卷 28, 期 7, 页码 523-540

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ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2018.02.009

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资金

  1. NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL122124] Funding Source: Medline
  2. NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK051526] Funding Source: Medline
  3. NIEHS NIH HHS [R21 ES025672, R33 ES025672] Funding Source: Medline

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Interorganellar contacts are increasingly recognized as central to the control of cellular behavior. These contacts, which typically involve a small fraction of the endomembrane surface, are local communication hubs that resemble synapses. We propose the term contactology to denote the analysis of interorganellar contacts. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contacts with mitochondria were recognized several decades ago; major rolesin ion and lipid transfer, signaling, and membrane dynamics have been established, while others continue to emerge. The functional diversity of ER-mitochondrial (ER-mito) contacts is mirrored in their structural heterogeneity, with subspecialization likely supported by multiple, different linker-forming protein structures. The nanoscale size of the contacts has made studying their structure, function, and dynamics difficult. This review focuses on the structure of the ER-mito contacts, methods for studying them, and the roles of contacts in Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling.

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