Hiatal hernia recurrence following magnetic sphincter augmentation and posterior cruroplasty: intermediate-term outcomes

We have previously reported short-term outcomes after hiatal hernia repair (HHR) at the time of magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Here we report intermediate-term outcomes and hernia recurrence rate after concomitant MSA and HHR. This is a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent repair of a hiatal hernia 3 cm or larger at the time of MSA implantation between May 2009 and December 2015. The primary endpoint was hiatal hernia recurrence identified by routine postoperative videoesophagography or endoscopy. Recurrence was defined by a 2 cm or greater upward displacement of the stomach through the diaphragmatic esophageal hiatus. Secondary endpoints included cessation of proton-pump inhibitor (PPI), persistent dysphagia requiring intervention, and GERD health-related quality-of-life (HRQL) scores 1 year from surgery. During the study period, 47 of 53 (89%) patients underwent concomitant MSA with HHR and complied with surveillance. Hiatal hernias ranged from 3 to 7 cm (mean 4 +/- 1). Mean clinical follow-up time was 19 months (range 1-39). GERD-HRQL score decreased from 20.3 to 3.1 (p < .001), 89% of patients remained off PPIs, and 97% of patients reported improvement or resolution of symptoms. Two recurrent hiatal hernias were identified on surveillance imaging for a recurrence rate of 4.3% at a mean 18 (+/- 10) months after initial operation. Persistent dysphagia occurred in 13% (6/47) over the first year, which resolved after a single balloon dilation in 67% (4/6). Two patients elected for device removal due to dilation-refractory dysphagia and persistent reflux symptoms. Concomitant magnetic sphincter augmentation and hiatal hernia repair in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and a moderate-sized hiatal hernia demonstrates durable subjective reflux control and an acceptable hiatal hernia recurrence rate at 1- to 2-year follow-up.