期刊
HUMAN GENOMICS
卷 6, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/1479-7364-6-26
关键词
Crystallins; Lens; Cataract; Evolution; Pseudogene; Heat-shock; Enzymes
Crystallins are the abundant, long-lived proteins of the eye lens. The major human crystallins belong to two different superfamilies: the small heat-shock proteins (alpha-crystallins) and the beta gamma-crystallins. During evolution, other proteins have sometimes been recruited as crystallins to modify the properties of the lens. In the developing human lens, the enzyme betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase serves such a role. Evolutionary modification has also resulted in loss of expression of some human crystallin genes or of specific splice forms. Crystallin organization is essential for lens transparency and mutations; even minor changes to surface residues can cause cataract and loss of vision.
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