期刊
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
卷 179, 期 -, 页码 22-30出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2018.02.005
关键词
CZTS solar cells; Cu2S; Secondary phase; Stoichiometry; Zn/Sn ratio; Earth abundant
资金
- Department of Science and Technology (DST) under Solar Energy Research Initiative (SERI), Government of India [DST/TMC/SERI/FR/118]
- Analytical and Diagnostic Laboratory (ADL) of Binghamton University
The co-existing secondary phases, in off-stoichiometric Cu-Zn-Sn-S (CZTS) solar cells, are one of the main causes of performance gap between earth abundant CZTS and matured Cu-In-Ga-Se (CIGS) solar cells technology. Highly metallic Cu-S based secondary phases provide shunting paths to the current flow and critically affect the device performance. Several chemical etchants have been developed and used to remove conductive Cu2-xS phase from CZTS absorber surface before device fabrication. Present work is mainly focused to tune the Z/Sn composition ratio in co-sputtered CZTS active layer to suppress the formation of Cu2-xS phase during the growth itself to eliminate the additional step of etching in device fabrication. Significant reduction of Cu2-xS secondary phase was observed with decreased Zn/Sn ratio, which resulted in more than 3 times efficiency enhancement for the final composition. The fabricated solar cell in the stacking order of Ag/ITO/i-ZnO/CdS/CZTS/Mo/SLG with optimum composition showed an efficiency of 6.11% without any antireflection coating. Controlling the Zrit/Sn ratio resulted in an effective and virtuous solution to avoid the detrimental secondary phases like Cu2-xS which conventionally required a chemical etching treatment.
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