期刊
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
卷 194, 期 -, 页码 410-415出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.11.027
关键词
Nitrate removal; Inverted capacitive deionization; Chemical surface charge; Surfactant treatment
资金
- TomKat Center for Sustainable Energy at Stanford University
- CONICYT - Becas Chile fellowship [72160536]
- Stanford Graduate Fellowship program of Stanford University
Nitrate is a pollutant present in groundwater worldwide. Several techniques are available to remove nitrate from water, but they are difficult to automate in remote settings or require chemicals for treatment for regeneration. Here, we demonstrate the use of two surfactant-treated high surface area porous electrodes for passive adsorption of nitrate followed by electrical regeneration. In order to generate the surface charge driving adsorption, we functionalized the active electrode (cathode) and capacitive counter electrode (anode) with cetrimonium bromide (CTAB) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate (SOBS), respectively. We find voltage applied during regeneration is directly proportional to the subsequent available adsorption capacity at short circuit. In a recent preliminary work, we used a Faradaic counter electrode, and here, we compare both studies in terms of energy-normalized adsorbed salt (ENAS)-a measure of energy efficiency-and average salt adsorption rate (ASAR). We show that capacitive counter electrode used in this work increases ENAS by two orders of magnitude, while maintaining a similar ASAR.
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