期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 637, 期 -, 页码 163-173出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.018
关键词
Bioenergy; Eddy covariance; Evapotranspiration; Gross primary production; Lysimeter; Net ecosystem exchange
资金
- USDA-ARS Ogallala Aquifer Program [3090-13000-14-09S]
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Kansas State University
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas Tech University
- West Texas AM University
- USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA)'s Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) [2013-69002]
- Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Tech University
Net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O) fluxes from irrigated grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) and maize (Zea mays L.) fields in the Texas High Plains were quantified using the eddy covariance (EC) technique during 2014-2016 growing seasons and examined in terms of relevant controlling climatic variables. Eddy covariance measured evapotranspiration (ETEC) was also compared against lysimeter measured ET (ETLys). Daily peak (7-day averages) NEE reached approximately - 12 g C m(-2) for sorghum and -14.78 g C m(-2) for maize. Daily peak (7-day averages) ETEC reached approximately 6.5 mm for sorghum and 7.3 mmfor maize. Higher leaf area index (5.7 vs 4-4.5 m(2) m(-2)) and grain yield (14 vs 8-9 t ha(-1)) of maize compared to sorghum caused larger magnitudes of NEE and ETEC in maize. Comparisons of ETEC and ETLys showed a strong agreement (R-2 = 0.93-0.96), while the EC system underestimated ET by 15-24% as compared to lysimeter without any corrections or energy balance adjustments. Both NEE and ETEC were not inhibited by climatic variables during peak photosynthetic period even though diurnal peak values (similar to 2-weeks average) of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), air temperature (T-a), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) had reached over 2000 mu mol m(-2) s(-1), 30 degrees C, and 2.5 kPa, respectively, indicating well adaptation of both C-4 crops in the Texas High Plains under irrigation. However, more sensitivity of NEE and H2O fluxes beyond threshold T-a and VPD for maize than for sorghum indicated higher adaptability of sorghum for the region. These findings provide baseline information on CO2 fluxes and ET for a minimally studied grain sorghum and offer a robust geographic comparison for maize outside the United States Corn Belt. However, longer-term measurements are required for assessing carbon and water dynamics of these globally important agro-ecosystems. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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