期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 634, 期 -, 页码 516-524出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.376
关键词
Aluminum; Toxicity; Hormesis; Coagulant; Flocculation; Biofilm
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51722803, 51578117]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2412016KJ011]
- Long Term Program in 1000 Talent Plan for High-Level Foreign Experts [WQ20142200209]
- Jilin Engineering Research Centre for Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Water Quality Protection
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, Hightower Chair
- Georgia Research Alliance at the Georgia Institute of Technology
Residual Al(III) (at low concentration) is common in water treatment plants (WTPs) and is associated with bacteria. Wehypothesize that Al(III) accelerate biofouling due to its hydrolysis and hormesis characteristics, as compared with other cations. To verify this, we elaborated the roles of Al(III) at low concentrations on the biofilm formation. Al(III) hormesis (< 2.0 mg/L) stimulated bacteria growth increased by similar to 3.7 times, and extracellular polymeric substances production also enhanced. Al(III) flocculation resulted in the suspended cells precipitation instantly, for Al(III) dosages of 0.6 and 2.0 mg/L and the concentration of Al(III) decreased by 0.07 and 0.14 mg/L, respectively. Al(III) poisoned the bridged bacterial cells and decreased their ATP by 22.36% and 55.91%, respectively. Al(III) formed polymer presented strong affinity with bacterial outer membrane, and this damaged the bacterial outer membrane. This caused proteins to leak at the combined point. Al-polymer bound to-NH2 and/or-NH- on the leaked protein, contributed to biofilm formation. Biofilm maturity was aided by polysaccharides, which shielded Al(III) toxicity for the formed biofilm. Thus, the biofilm exhibited a distinguished double-layer microstructure, principally with proteins and inactivated cells at the bottom, polysaccharides and activated cells at the top. Thus, hormesis and flocculation caused by low concentration Al(III) mutually promoted each other, and together accelerated biofilm formation. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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