期刊
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
卷 28, 期 7, 页码 1784-1792出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/sms.13093
关键词
1D analysis; regression; running velocity; SPM; track and field
资金
- Research Councils UK [EP/M023281/1]
- CAMERA
- RCUK Centre for the Analysis of Motion, Entertainment Research and Applications
- EPSRC [EP/M023281/1] Funding Source: UKRI
A novel approach of analyzing complete ground reaction force waveforms rather than discrete kinetic variables can provide new insight to sprint biomechanics. This study aimed to understand how these waveforms are associated with better performance across entire sprint accelerations. Twenty-eight male track and field athletes (100-m personal best times: 10.88 to 11.96seconds) volunteered to participate. Ground reaction forces produced across 24 steps were captured during repeated (two to five) maximal-effort sprints utilizing a 54-force-plate system. Force data (antero-posterior, vertical, resultant, and ratio of forces) across each contact were registered to 100% of stance and averaged for each athlete. Statistical parametric mapping (linear regression) revealed specific phases of stance where force was associated with average horizontal external power produced during that contact. Initially, antero-posterior force production during mid-late propulsion (eg, 58%-92% of stance for the second ground contact) was positively associated with average horizontal external power. As athletes progressed through acceleration, this positive association with performance shifted toward the earlier phases of contact (eg, 55%-80% of stance for the eighth and 19%-64% for the 19th ground contact). Consequently, as athletes approached maximum velocity, better athletes were more capable of attenuating the braking forces, especially in the latter parts of the eccentric phase. These unique findings demonstrate a shift in the performance determinants of acceleration from higher concentric propulsion to lower eccentric braking forces as velocity increases. This highlights the broad kinetic requirements of sprinting and the conceivable need for athletes to target improvements in different phases separately with demand-specific exercises.
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