期刊
PROTIST
卷 169, 期 5, 页码 697-726出版社
ELSEVIER GMBH
DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2018.04.006
关键词
Apicomplexa; blastogregarines; ultrastructure; plesiomorphic traits; molecular phylogeny; 18S and 28S ribosomal DNAs
类别
资金
- Russian Foundation for Basic Research [15-29-02601, 18-04-00324]
- ECO-NET [2131QM]
- French governmental ANR Agency [ANR-10-LABX-0003 BCDiv, ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02]
- ANR HAPAR [ANR-14-CE02-0007]
- Interdisciplinary Program of the MNHN (ATM-Emergence des clades, des biotes et des cultures)
- Czech Science Foundation [GBP505/12/G112]
- Russian Science Foundation [14-5000029]
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-14-CE02-0007] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
Blastogregarines are poorly studied parasites of polychaetes superficially resembling gregarines, but lacking syzygy and gametocyst stages in the life cycle. Furthermore, their permanent multinuclearity and gametogenesis by means of budding considerably distinguish them from other parasitic Apicomplexa such as coccidians and hematozoans. The affiliation of blastogregarines has been uncertain: different authors considered them highly modified gregarines, an intermediate apicomplexan lineage between gregarines and coccidians, or an isolated group of eukaryotes altogether. Here, we report the ultrastructure of two blastogregarine species, Siedleckia nematoides and Chattonaria mesnili, and provide the first molecular data on their phylogeny based on SSU, 5.8S, and LSU rDNA sequences. Morphological analysis reveals that blastogregarines possess both gregarine and coccidian features. Several traits shared with archigregarines likely represent the ancestral states of the corresponding cell structures for parasitic apicomplexans: a distinctive tegument structure and myzocytotic feeding with a well-developed apical complex. Unlike gregarines but similar to coccidians however, the nuclei of male blastogregarine gametes are associated with two kinetosomes. Molecular phylogenetic analyses reveal that blastogregarines are an independent, early diverging lineage of apicomplexans. Overall, the morphological and molecular evidence congruently suggests that blastogregarines represent a separate class of Apicomplexa. (C) 2018 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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