期刊
PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
卷 100, 期 -, 页码 107-160出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ppnp.2018.01.007
关键词
Lattice QCD; Global QCD fits; Unpolarized/polarized parton distribution functions (PDFs)
资金
- European Research Council (ERC) via the Starting Grant PDF4BSM - Parton Distributions in the Higgs Boson Era
- Department of Energy's (DoE) Institute of Nuclear Theory (INT) at the University of Washington in Seattle [DE-FG02-00ER41132]
- U.S. DoE [DE-FG02-00ER41132, DE-AC05-06OR23177, DE-FG02-04ER41302, DE-SC0010129, DE-SC008791, DE-SC0016286]
- U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [PHY 1653405]
- U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/M003787/1, ST/P000630/1]
- STFC [ST/13000681/1, ST/L000377/1, ST/P000274/1]
- ERC via the Starting Grant PDF4BSM - Parton Distributions in the Higgs Boson Era
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [105-2112-M-002-017-MY3]
- Kenda Foundation
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB/TRR 55]
- U.S. DoE, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics
- NSF [PHY-1714407, PHY-1417326]
- Royal Society, Wolfson Research Merit Award [WM140078]
- U.S. DoE, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics [DE-FG02-96ER40965]
- TMD Topical Collaboration
- Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality [16DZ2260200]
- DoE, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) funding of BNL [DE-EC0012704]
- U.S. DoE, Office of Science of High Energy Physics [DE-KA-1401020]
- Dutch Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [680-91-105]
- Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DoE [DE-AC05-06OR23177]
- ERC
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0016286] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
- STFC [ST/P000770/1, ST/P000630/1, ST/M003787/1, ST/P000681/1, ST/P004547/1, ST/L000377/1, ST/P000274/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/P000274/1, ST/L000377/1, ST/P000770/1, ST/P000630/1, ST/M003787/1, ST/P004547/1, ST/P000681/1] Funding Source: researchfish
In the framework of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), parton distribution functions (PDFs) quantify how the momentum and spin of a hadron are divided among its quark and gluon constituents. Two main approaches exist to determine PDFs. The first approach, based on QCD factorization theorems, realizes a QCD analysis of a suitable set of hard-scattering measurements, often using a variety of hadronic observables. The second approach, based on first-principle operator definitions of PDFs, uses lattice QCD to compute directly some PDF-related quantities, such as their moments. Motivated by recent progress in both approaches, in this document we present an overview of lattice-QCD and global-analysis techniques used to determine unpolarized and polarized proton PDFs and their moments. We provide benchmark numbers to validate present and future lattice-QCD calculations and we illustrate how they could be used to reduce the PDF uncertainties in current unpolarized and polarized global analyses. This document represents a first step towards establishing a common language between the two communities, to foster dialogue and to further improve our knowledge of PDFs. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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