期刊
PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY
卷 104, 期 -, 页码 342-358出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2016.09.012
关键词
Nuclear materials; Radiation effects; High temperature; High pressure; Phase transformations; Nuclear fuels; Complex oxides
资金
- Energy Frontier Research Center Materials Science of Actinides - U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001089]
Oxide materials find use throughput the nuclear fuel cycle, from actinide-bearing ores and commercial reactor fuels to wasteforms for radionuclide disposal. In geological, reactor, and waste repository conditions, these materials are often exposed to ionizing radiation, high temperatures, and mechanical stresses. Recently, a large body of work has investigated the response of actinide oxides and analogue compounds to extreme environments, including the individual and combined effects of radiation, temperature, and pressure. Study of the phase behavior of these materials under such conditions can lead to improved understanding of their stability throughout the nuclear fuel cycle, as well as strategies for the mitigation of associated performance degradation. This article reviews some recent experimental work on this topic, highlighting advanced techniques developed for the exposure of materials to extreme environments, and for the in situ characterization of their structural and chemical responses. The study of two classes of nuclear materials is reviewed: binary oxides typical of nuclear fuels, and complex oxides typical of geological materials and wasteforms. Particular emphasis is placed on the individual and combined effects of modifications to the atomic and electronic structures of materials by exposure to extreme environments. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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