期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 115, 期 22, 页码 5756-5761出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1722320115
关键词
lipid nanotubes; gangliosides; giant vesicle; spontaneous curvature; membrane
资金
- Federal Ministry of Education and Research of Germany
- Max Planck Society
The ganglioside GM1 is present in neuronal membranes at elevated concentrations with an asymmetric spatial distribution. It is known to generate curvature and can be expected to strongly influence the neuron morphology. To elucidate these effects, we prepared giant vesicles with GM1 predominantly present in one leaflet of the membrane, mimicking the asymmetric GM1 distribution in neuronal membranes. Based on pulling inward and outward tubes, we developed a technique that allowed the direct measurement of themembrane spontaneous curvature. Using vesicle electroporation and fluorescence intensity analysis, we were able to quantify the GM1 asymmetry across the membrane and to subsequently estimate the local curvature generated by the molecule in the bilayer. Molecular-dynamics simulations confirm the experimentally determined dependence of the membrane spontaneous curvature as a function of GM1 asymmetry. GM1 plays a crucial role in connection with receptor proteins. Our results on curvature generation of GM1 point to an additional important role of this ganglioside, namely in shaping neuronal membranes.
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