期刊
NANO LIFE
卷 3, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
DOI: 10.1142/S1793984413400023
关键词
Carbon dots; carbon nanocomposites; quantum dots; cytotoxicity
资金
- National Science Foundation [MCB-1052623, CMMI-0900377, EEC-0914790]
- NSEC: Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices at The Ohio State University
- The William G. Lowrie Family
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have achieved initial success as biomedical imaging agents. However, significant cytotoxicity in the biological environment prohibits their use in vivo. Here, we introduce nanocomposites composed of carbon dots (C-dots) in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) carriers as possible imaging agents for in vivo applications. An initial hurdle to clinical use is overcome by synthesizing C-dots with commercially available carbon black precursors, permitting scalable nanomanufacturing. These fluorescent nanoparticles, which have a mean diameter of similar to 1 nm, display a disordered graphitic structure. To overcome a second clinical hurdle (i.e., rapid renal clearance of nanoparticles < similar to 6 nm in diameter), C-dots were encapsulated in biodegradable PLGA nanospheres. The resulting nanocomposites showed a mean diameter of 344 +/- 23nm, which should reduce renal clearance. With further optimization, nanocarriers could be optimized to sizes < 200 nm to reduce accumulation in the reticuloendothelial system (RES). Toxicity of both C-dots and C-dot-PLGA nanocomposites was evaluated using HepG2 liver cell lines. Unlike QDs, which can induce toxicological responses at concentrations as low as 0.005 mg/mL, C-dots exhibited cytotoxicity at concentrations greater than 0.2 mg/mL, while their derived nanocomposites did not exhibit cytotoxicity at any concentration tested (i.e., 0.02 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL and 0.2 mg/mL).
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