期刊
PLOS ONE
卷 13, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189930
关键词
-
资金
- Brooks Foundation
- Keith Campbell Foundation for the Environment
- Case Foundation
- Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation
- Davidoff
- Don Quixote Foundation
- Roger and Rosemary Enrico Foundation
- Helmsley Charitable Trust
- Lindblad Expeditions-National Geographic Fund
- Philip Stephenson Foundation
- Vicki and Roger Sant
- Waitt Foundation
- National Geographic Society
- Chilean Navy
- Tercera Zona Naval
- Governor Jorge Flies of the Magellan and Chilean Antarctic Region
The vast and complex coast of the Magellan Region of extreme southern Chile possesses a diversity of habitats including fjords, deep channels, and extensive kelp forests, with a unique mix of temperate and sub-Antarctic species. The Cape Horn and Diego Ramirez archipelagos are the most southerly locations in the Americas, with the southernmost kelp forests, and some of the least explored places on earth. The giant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera plays a key role in structuring the ecological communities of the entire region, with the large brown seaweed Lessonia spp. forming dense understories. Kelp densities were highest around Cape Horn, followed by Diego Ramirez, and lowest within the fjord region of Francisco Coloane Marine Park (mean canopy densities of 2.51 kg m(-2), 2.29 kg m(-2), and 2.14 kg m(-2), respectively). There were clear differences in marine communities among these sub-regions, with the lowest diversity in the fjords. We observed 18 species of nearshore fishes, with average species richness nearly 50% higher at Diego Ramirez compared with Cape Horn and Francisco Coloane. The number of individual fishes was nearly 10 times higher at Diego Ramirez and 4 times higher at Cape Horn compared with the fjords. Drop-cam surveys of mesophotic depths (53 +/- 105 m) identified 30 taxa from 25 families, 15 classes, and 7 phyla. While much of these deeper habitats consisted of soft sediment and cobble, in rocky habitats, echinoderms, mollusks, bryozoans, and sponges were common. The southern hagfish (Myxine australis) was the most frequently encountered of the deep-sea fishes (50% of deployments), and while the Fueguian sprat (Sprattus fuegensis) was the most abundant fish species, its distribution was patchy. The Cape Horn and Diego Ramirez archipelagos represent some of the last intact sub-Antarctic ecosystems remaining and a recently declared large protected area will help ensure the health of this unique region.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据