期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 120, 期 17, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.170601
关键词
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资金
- Center for Excitonics, an Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0001088]
- NSF [PHY-1505862]
- NSF CUA [PHY-1125846]
Quantization of energy is a quintessential characteristic of quantum systems. Here we analyze its effects on the operation of Otto cycle heat machines and show that energy quantization alone may alter and increase machine performance in terms of output work, efficiency, and even operation mode. We show that this difference in performance occurs in machines with inhomogeneous energy level scaling, while quantum machines with homogeneous level scaling behave like classical machines. Our results demonstrate that quantum thermodynamics enables the realization of classically inconceivable Otto machines, such as those with an incompressible working substance. We propose to measure these effects experimentally using a laser-cooled trapped ion as a microscopic heat machine.
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