期刊
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
卷 489, 期 -, 页码 112-127出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2017.07.004
关键词
Pedestrian; Evacuation; Cellular automata; Queueing time; Critical time; Fractional Brownian motion
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61304187]
- Scientific Research Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province of China [2015JY0213]
- SiChuan Provincial Education Department of China [15TD0038]
This paper proposes a pedestrian evacuation model for effective simulation of evacuation efficiency based on extended cellular automata. In the model, pedestrians' momentary transition probability to a target position is defined in terms of the floor field and queueing time, and the critical time is defined as the waiting time threshold in a queue. Queueing time and critical time are derived using Fractal Brownian Motion through analysis of pedestrian arrival characteristics. Simulations using the platform and actual evacuations were conducted to study the relationships among system evacuation time, average system velocity, pedestrian density, flow rate, and critical time. The results demonstrate that at low pedestrian density, evacuation efficiency can be improved through adoption of the shortest route strategy, and critical time has an inverse relationship with average system velocity. Conversely, at higher pedestrian densities, it is better to adopt the shortest queueing time strategy, and critical time is inversely related to flow rate. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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