期刊
PHARMACOTHERAPY
卷 38, 期 5, 页码 511-519出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/phar.2106
关键词
dementia; adverse drug reaction; primary care; anticholinergic; pharmacoepidemiology; modifiable risk factors; mild cognitive impairment
资金
- National Institute of Health [K23AG044440, R01AG026096, R01AG09956, P30AG10133]
Study ObjectiveTo determine the influence of anticholinergic medications on transitions in cognitive diagnosis of older adults in primary care. DesignThis observational cohort study was conducted over a mean follow-up of 3.2 years. Anticholinergic exposure was defined by pharmacy dispensing and claims records. Cognitive diagnosis was performed by an expert panel at baseline and annually up to 4 years. Data SourceMedication exposure and other clinical data were extracted from the Indiana Network for Patient Care (INPC). The cognitive diagnosis was derived from a cognitive screening and diagnosis study. ParticipantsA total of 350 adults 65 years and older without dementia and receiving primary care in a safety net health care system. Measurement and Main ResultsCognitive diagnosis followed a two-phase screening and consensus-based neuropsychiatric examination to determine a baseline diagnosis as normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia, with a follow-up neuropsychiatric examination and consensus-based diagnosis repeated annually. The Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden scale was used to identify anticholinergics dispensed up to 10 years before enrollment and annually throughout the study. A total standard daily dose of anticholinergics was calculated by using pharmacy dispensing data from the INPC. Among 350 participants, a total of 978 diagnostic assessments were completed over a mean follow-up of 3.2 years. Compared with stable cognition, increasing use of strong anticholinergics calculated by total standard daily dose increased the odds of transition from normal cognition to MCI (odds ratio [OR] 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.31, p = 0.0342). Compared with stable MCI, strong anticholinergics did not influence the reversion of MCI to normal cognition (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.86-1.05, p = 0.3266). ConclusionDe-prescribing interventions in older adults with normal cognition should test anticholinergics as potentially modifiable risk factors for cognitive impairment.
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