Stacked rGO-TiO2 photoanode via electrophoretic deposition for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells

A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) photocurrent efficiency (PCE) could be increased by 40.9% when the dye adsorbing TiO2 layer was introduced with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) layers. Thickness of rGO layer and number of rGO layers in the TiO2 anode were optimized. TiO2 and rGO were deposited on FTO substrate by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The thickness of the rGO containing TiO2 anode was kept constant (10-11 mu m) at all the times. Three rGO layers containing TiO2 anode has shown the highest PCE of 6.2%. rGO incorporation improved electron transfer that countered recombination losses hence increasing photocurrent density (J(SC)) of the DSSC.