期刊
EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO
卷 11, 期 3, 页码 376-382出版社
INST ISRAELITA ENSINO & PESQUISA ALBERT EINSTEIN
DOI: 10.1590/S1679-45082013000300021
关键词
Vascular calcification; Atherosclerosis; Myocardial ischemia; Vitamin D; Renal insufficiency
Vascular calcification in coronary artery disease is gaining importance, both in scientific research and in clinical and imaging applications. The calcified plaque is considered the most relevant form of atherosclerosis within the coronary artery tree and is frequently a challenge for percutaneous intervention. Recent studies showed that plaque calcification is dynamic and is strictly related to the degree of vascular inflammation. Several inflammatory factors produced during the different phases of atherosclerosis induce the expression and activation of osteoblastic cells located within the arterial wall, which, in turn, promote the deposit of calcium. The vascular smooth muscle cells have an extraordinary capacity to undergo osteoblastic phenotypical differentiation. There is no doubt that the role of these factors, as well as the elements of genomics and proteomics, could be a vital strategic point in prevention and treatment. Within this context, we conducted an updating review on coronary calcification focused on pathophysiology, experimental models, and clinical implications of vascular calcification.
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