期刊
NEUROSCIENTIST
卷 25, 期 2, 页码 139-154出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/1073858418775355
关键词
brain-machine interface; brain-computer interface; neuroprosthesis; paralysis; motor cortex; motor physiology; neurorehabilitation; stroke; learning; communication
资金
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [K08NS060223, R01NS09474]
- Paralyzed Veterans of America Research Foundation [2728]
- Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Clinical Scientist Development Award [2011039]
- Brain Research Foundation
- Northwestern Memorial Foundation (NIH) [UL1RR025741]
Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) have exploded in popularity in the past decade. BMIs, also called brain-computer interfaces, provide a direct link between the brain and a computer, usually to control an external device. BMIs have a wide array of potential clinical applications, ranging from restoring communication to people unable to speak due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or a stroke, to restoring movement to people with paralysis from spinal cord injury or motor neuron disease, to restoring memory to people with cognitive impairment. Because BMIs are controlled directly by the activity of prespecified neurons or cortical areas, they also provide a powerful paradigm with which to investigate fundamental questions about brain physiology, including neuronal behavior, learning, and the role of oscillations. This article reviews the clinical and neuroscientific applications of BMIs, with a primary focus on motor BMIs.
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