期刊
NATURE MATERIALS
卷 17, 期 3, 页码 253-260出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41563-017-0005-1
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资金
- US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE-FG02-98ER45737]
- ONR [N00141512322, N000141712204, N00014-17-1-2208]
- Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- UNC General Administration Research Opportunity Initiative grant
- State of North Carolina
- National Science Foundation [ECCS-1542015]
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2013CB834705]
- HK JEBN Limited (Hong Kong)
- Hong Kong Research Grants Council [T23-407/13-N, N_HKUST623/13, 606012]
- HKUST President's Office through the SSTSP scheme [EP201]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [21374090, 21504066, 21534003, 51320105014]
- KAUST
Although it is known that molecular interactions govern morphology formation and purity of mixed domains of conjugated polymer donors and small-molecule acceptors, and thus largely control the achievable performance of organic solar cells, quantifying interaction-function relations has remained elusive. Here, we first determine the temperature-dependent effective amorphous-amorphous interaction parameter, chi(aa)(T), by mapping out the phase diagram of a model amorphous polymer: fullerene material system. We then establish a quantitative 'constant-kink-saturation' relation between chi(aa) and the fill factor in organic solar cells that is verified in detail in a model system and delineated across numerous high-and low-performing materials systems, including fullerene and non-fullerene acceptors. Our experimental and computational data reveal that a high fill factor is obtained only when chi(aa) is large enough to lead to strong phase separation. Our work outlines a basis for using various miscibility tests and future simulation methods that will significantly reduce or eliminate trial-and-error approaches to material synthesis and device fabrication of functional semiconducting blends and organic blends in general.
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