期刊
NATURE GEOSCIENCE
卷 11, 期 3, 页码 155-+出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41561-018-0059-y
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资金
- Natural Environment Research Council [NE/P006760/1]
- National Science Foundation (NSF)
- Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme [GA01101]
- APPLICATE project - European Union
- NSF [1023592]
- Canadian Sea Ice and Snow Evolution Network - Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Environment and Climate Change Canada [GCXE17S038]
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Climate Program Office
- NERC [NE/P006760/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Office of Polar Programs (OPP) [1023592] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Natural Environment Research Council [NE/R005125/1] Funding Source: researchfish
The decline of Arctic sea ice is an integral part of anthropogenic climate change. Sea-ice loss is already having a significant impact on Arctic communities and ecosystems. Its role as a cause of climate changes outside of the Arctic has also attracted much scientific interest. Evidence is mounting that Arctic sea-ice loss can affect weather and climate throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The remote impacts of Arctic sea-ice loss can only be properly represented using models that simulate interactions among the ocean, sea ice, land and atmosphere. A synthesis of six such experiments with different models shows consistent hemispheric-wide atmospheric warming, strongest in the mid-to-high-latitude lower troposphere; an intensification of the wintertime Aleutian Low and, in most cases, the Siberian High; a weakening of the Icelandic Low; and a reduction in strength and southward shift of the mid-latitude westerly winds in winter. The atmospheric circulation response seems to be sensitive to the magnitude and geographic pattern of sea-ice loss and, in some cases, to the background climate state. However, it is unclear whether current-generation climate models respond too weakly to sea-ice change. We advocate for coordinated experiments that use different models and observational constraints to quantify the climate response to Arctic sea-ice loss.
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