期刊
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY
卷 116, 期 2, 页码 338-350出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2013.06.002
关键词
Prosocial behavior; Cooperation; Reciprocity; Helping; Sharing; Altruism
Contingent reciprocity is important in theories of the evolution of human cooperation, but it has been very little studied in ontogeny. We gave 2- and 3-year-old children the opportunity to either help or share with a partner after that partner either had or had not previously helped or shared with the children. Previous helping did not influence children's helping. In contrast, previous sharing by the partner led to greater sharing in 3-year-olds but not in 2-year-olds. These results do not support theories claiming either that reciprocity is fundamental to the origins of children's prosocial behavior or that it is irrelevant. Instead, they support an account in which children's prosocial behavior emerges spontaneously but is later mediated by reciprocity. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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