期刊
MOLECULES
卷 23, 期 6, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061262
关键词
bee glue; poplars; principal component analysis (PCA); essential oils (EOs); bee glue's polyphenols
资金
- Wroclaw Medical University [ST 857]
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences
- Wroclaw University
- Foundation Lower Silesian Pharmacy
- Wroclaw Medical University Foundation
- Wroclaw Centre of Biotechnology under the Leading National Research Centre (KNOW) program
- National Science Center (Poland) [2015/19/B/NZ9/02971]
In this work, we studied similarities and differences between 70% ethanol in water extract (70EE) and essential oils (EOs) obtained from propolis, black poplars (Populus nigra L.) and aspens (P. tremula L.) to ascertain which of these is a better indicator of the plant species used by bees to collect propolis precursors. Composition of 70EE was analyzed by UPLC-PDA-MS, while GC-MS was used to research the EOs. Principal component analyses (PCA) and calculations of Spearman's coefficient rank were used for statistical analysis. Statistical analysis exhibited correlation between chemical compositions of propolis and Populus buds' 70EE. In the case of EOs, results were less clear. Compositions of black poplars, aspens EOs and propolises have shown more variability than 70EE. Different factors such as higher instability of EOs compared to 70EE, different degradation pattern of benzyl esters to benzoic acid, differences in plant metabolism and bees' preferences may be responsible for these phenomena. Our research has therefore shown that 70EE of propolis reflected the composition of P. nigra or complex aspen-black poplar origin.
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