期刊
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
卷 465, 期 C, 页码 4-26出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.08.016
关键词
Androgens; Intracrinology; Steroid biosynthesis; Hormone-dependent cancer; Testosterone; 11-oxygenated androgens
资金
- Wellcome Trust [092283]
- Academy of Medical Science (Newton Advanced Fellowship)
- National Research Foundation of South Africa [98886]
Androgens play an important role in metabolic homeostasis and reproductive health in both men and women. Androgen signalling is dependent on androgen receptor activation, mostly by testosterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone. However, the intracellular or intracrine activation of C-19 androgen precursors to active androgens in peripheral target tissues of androgen action is of equal importance. Intracrine androgen synthesis is often not reflected by circulating androgens but rather by androgen metabolites and conjugates. In this review we provide an overview of human C-19 steroid biosynthesis including the production of 11-oxygenated androgens, their transport in circulation and uptake into peripheral tissues. We conceptualise the mechanisms of intracrinology and review the intracrine pathways of activation and inactivation in selected human tissues. The contribution of liver and kidney as organs driving androgen inactivation and renal excretion are also highlighted. Finally, the importance of quantifying androgen metabolites and conjugates to assess intracrine androgen production is discussed. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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